reflected DOM vulnerability

Reflected DOM vulnerabilities occur when the server-side application processes data from a request and echoes the data in the response.

https://portswigger.net/

Tools: Burp Suite, OWASP ZAP, Linux

 Description of the vulnerability type (DOM XSS

 Security impact-Recommendations

Alert in OWASP

Content security policy header not set 

. The recommendation is to implement a strict CSP to reduce the risk and impact of client-side attacks like XSS, data exfiltration, and clickjacking.

Cookie with SameSite attribute none 

 It means the browser will send it in all cross-site requests, which can increase the risk of Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) and other cross-origin attacks unless it’s properly secured.

Recommendation for SameSite=None Cookies

The Strict-Transport-Security (HSTS) header is not set,

 Browsers won’t automatically enforce HTTPS for your site — leaving it vulnerable to SSL stripping and man-in-the-middle downgrade attacks.

Recommendation for Missing HSTS Header

Enable HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)

Timestamp disclosure -Unix 

Recommendation for Unix Timestamp Disclosure

Avoid exposing raw timestamps where not needed

Remove unnecessary debug or verbose output.

X-Content-Type-Options Header Missing 

• Recommendation for Missing X-Content-Type-Options Header

• Set the header to disable MIME type sniffing

  
  

Re-examine Cache-Control Directives

When Cache-Control directives are weak, missing, or overly permissive. Sensitive pages (like account, banking, or session-based content) might be stored in the browser cache or intermediate caches — allowing local attackers (e.g., shared computer users) or proxy attackers to retrieve them.

Recommendation for Cache-Control Directives

For sensitive, authenticated, or dynamic pages

Disable caching completely in browsers and proxies

Retrieved from Cache

When sensitive pages or data can be retrieved from the browser or intermediary cache, it means an attacker (or another user on a shared system) could potentially view private information after the original user has logged out.

Recommendation for “Retrieved from Cache” Issues

Prevent caching of sensitive content

 Use HTTP headers to ensure pages containing personal or authenticated data are never stored in browser or proxy caches

Session Management Respond Identified 

If the session management response reveals sensitive session information or shows insecure practices, it can lead to session hijacking, fixation, or other authentication bypass attacks.

Recommendation for Session Management Findings

Use Secure Cookie Attributes